LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 9 : 10 October 2009
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         K. Karunakaran, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.

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Spelling Variations in Kannada

B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.

Introduction

Language is primarily spoken and its written form is secondary. While rendering a spoken form into a written form, there can be one to one correspondence between spoken sound and the written grapheme, or such relation need not exist in all contexts. But, the conventions or writing may develop among the users of a language so that in spite of such differences (lack of one to one correspondence) the spoken and written forms are understood and communication is established.

Spelling conventions are an important feature of any language that is written. The Cambridge Dictionary defines spelling as 'forming words with the correct letters in the correct order, or the ability to do this' where variation is 'difference' or 'deviation' in the structure.

Spelling and Pronunciation Variations in Kannada

Kannada is one of the Scheduled languages of India spoken in the southern part of the country by nearly 5 crore people. It has a history of over two thousand years. So, variation in Kannada is not a new phenomenon. It existed in Kannada for centuries and evidences exist for the same. Keshiraja, the Kannada grammarian who lived during 1260 AD or so, writes about variations in his grammar Shabdamani Darpana. According to him beral, eral, oral, koral saral aral paral, maral and naral, etc., end in 'l'. But some people, without understanding this, pronounce these as beraL, eraL, oraL, koraL, saraL, etc., with 'L'. Also according to him, in the words maral, aral, etc., the consonants get mutated and both forms maral-malar, aral-alar are correct. And some times in the word maral, instead of 'r' 'N' will come - maral-maNal.

Kannada has no technical term for spelling and it identifies spelling variation with a compound word 'akSara samyoojane' with the meaning equivalent 'combination of letters'. Here we can consider spelling variation as - writing of the same word in two or more forms. Sometimes pronunciation of both the forms may be same or may be different, but these may be written using different letters. However, the meaning remains the same for both the forms.

In this paper, it is intended to present an analysis of some of the spelling variations that exist in Kannada.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Spelling Variations in Kannada | A Survey of the State of the Art in Punjabi Language Processing | The Representation of Homosexuality - A Content Analysis in a Malaysian Newspaper | Noun Reduplication in Tamil and Kannada | Journey of Self-discovery in Anita Nair's Ladies' Coupé | A Study of Communicability and Intelligibility of Advertisements in Tamil With Special Reference to Tooth Paste and Health Drink | Explicit Grammar Instruction | Teaching English as a Second Language Using Communicative Language Teaching - An Evaluation of Practice in India | Discovering Values in English Language Teaching | The Core Functions of the Hindi Modals - Speech Act Approach | Textbook Analysis of English for Engineers | Cross-Professional Collaboration on E-Learning Courses | Reading Arundhati Roy's Fiction The God of Small Things Through Her Non-Fiction | Teaching English through Indian Writing in English in Rural India | Proverbs in Modern Tamil and Telugu Societies | Using Problem Based Learning Technique in Teaching English Grammar | Problems in Reading Comprehension Skills among Secondary School Students in Yemen | The Literary Value of the Book of Isaiah | Will Sentences Have Divergence Upon Translation? : A Corpus-Evidence Based Solution for Example Based Approach | HOME PAGE of October 2009 Issue | HOME PAGE | CONTACT EDITOR

B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
Central Institute of Indian Languages
Manasagangothri
Mysore 570 006
Karnataka
India
mallikarjun@ciil.stpmy.soft.net

 
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