LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 11 : 6 June 2011
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.

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The Effect of Peer and Parent Pressure on
the Academic Achievement of University Students

Zarina Akhtar, Ph.D. and Shamsa Aziz, Ph.D.

Abstract

The study aims at exploring the effect of peer and parent pressure on the academic achievement of university students. The male and female university students of Masters class were the population of the study. 156 students were selected by using cluster sampling technique from three departments of university (Business Administration, Computer Science and Economics) as a sample for the study. An opinionnaire was used to elicit the opinions of the students regarding peer and parent pressure. The findings of the study were the parent pressure effect positively and peer pressure effects negatively the academic achievement of students and especially female university students. No effect of peer and parent pressure was found on the achievement male students. The parent’s pressure has positive effect on the academic achievement of Business Administration students.

Key words: Peer Pressure, Parent Pressure, Academic achievement, University Students

1. Introduction

People cannot live alone in society. The need of social belongingness attached them and they feel affiliation for others. This need for affiliation is based on genetics or experience. It constitutes a relatively stable trait or behavior. Basically people need social contacts that suit them. Some times they need parent’s help, love, care and guidance and some time they need friend’s intimacy, affection and love. Generally speaking adolescents find their friendships to be enjoyable: together they relax, joke, watch television, and participate in sports activities and talk.

The person’s first contact is with parents and then with friends. Parent attachment is stronger during infancy and childhood whereas friend’s attachment is strong during adolescence. Attachment level varies with the ages and stages of life. According to Dacey & Kenny (1997) “adolescents who feel accepted by their peer group and their parents are likely to feel good about themselves”. The peer acceptance and attachment is as important as the parent attachment. Reisman (1985) concluded after reviewing different research studies that “the adolescents who have poor peer relationships are more likely to have adjustment difficulties in adulthood”. This attachment influence their feelings, thinking, decisions and living styles. The strong attachment has strong influence on personality. When this influence effects the decisions or liking, disliking of a person and a person feel forced to left their own mottos, feelings and fulfill the friends or parents expectation, this is called pressure. Weiten and Lloyd (2004) said that the “pressure involves expectations or demands that one behave in a certain way”. They divide pressure in two types the pressure to perform and the pressure to confirm. The power of pressure is violating personal standards in order to be liked by other members of cohesive group (Weiten and Lloyd, 2004). No one can deny this power of pressure.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Zarina Akhtar, Ph.D.
zarina.akhtar@iiu.edu.pk

Shamsa Aziz, Ph.D.
phd_edu@hotmail.com

International Islamic University
H-10 Islamabad 44000
Pakistan

 



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