LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 11 : 5 May 2011
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.

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Teachers' Perception Regarding the Effect of Homework on
Students' Academic Achievement

Gulap Shahzada, Safdar Rehman Ghazi, Ph.D., Saqib Shahzad, Ph.D.
Zahir Ullah Khan and Tahir Shah

Abstract

Purpose of this paper was to know the teachers' perceptions regarding the effect of homework on students' academic achievement. Population of the study consisted teacher of government primary, middle and high schools. Using multi stage sampling technique researcher selected a total of three hundred teachers out of which hundred were primary school teachers (PST), hundred CT teachers and hundred senior English teachers SET as a sample of the study.

Data was collected through a self-made questionnaire. For statistical analysis percentage was applied.

Results of the study showed that majority of teachers were found strongly agree on, that homework is helpful in students' cognitive, affective, psychomotor development, most of the teachers were strongly agree that homework compels students to study at home, they perceived that homework provides opportunity for revision, practice; enriches memorization and vocabulary and thus helps them to explore subjects more fully than time permits in the classroom, they were agree that homework enables students to learn organize and manage their time properly, motivates sense of responsibility and self learning. Thus, they develop confidence to deal with frustration and solve problems themselves. It was suggested by the researcher that reasonable amount of homework should be regularly given to the students because it discourages cheating, develops the habit of hard work and provides feedback to the teachers about students' strengths and weaknesses.

Key words: Home work, academic achievement, development, cognitive, affective, psychomotor.

Introduction

According to Cooper (1998) homework, or homework assignment is "tasks assigned to students by school teachers that are meant to be carried out during non-school hours". Common homework assignments may include some or at least one task e.g. some reading to be performed, writing to be completed, problems to be solved, a project to be built, or other skills to be practiced. Alanne and Macgregor (2007) define homework as the time students spend outside the classroom in assigned activities to practice, reinforce or apply newly acquired skills and knowledge and to learn necessary skills of independent study. More simply, Meyer (2005) defines homework as "acts of researching, studying or completing assignments". The Queensland Government (2004) in Australia defines homework as, "any activities that school students are asked to complete outside of lesson time". Finally, Keith (2004) states "Homework may be defined as work assigned for completion outside of the normal class period whether completed at home or at school".

History of Home Work

The impact of homework on students is a contested and polarizing issue. Gill and Schlossman (2004) examined the history of homework in the United States and found that a homework debate had begun as early as the 19th century. The dominant influence of the progressive political movement upon education between 1890 and 1940 meant that homework was harshly criticized and discouraged by educators. Not only was it deemed harmful to health, character and family, it was also considered an ineffective instructional tool.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Gulap Shahzada (Coresponding & Principal Author)
Institute of Education and Research
University of Science and Technology
Bannu, (KPk)
Pakistan
Gulap_786@yahoo.com

Dr. Safdar Rehman Ghazi
Institute of Education and Research
University of Science and Technology
Bannu, (KPk)
Pakistan

Dr. Saqib Shahzad
Institute of Education and Research
University of Science and Technology
Bannu, (KPk)
Pakistan

Zahir Ullah Khan
Institute of Education and Research
University of Science and Technology
Bannu, (KPk)
Pakistan

Tahir Shah
Institute of Education and Research
University of Science and Technology
Bannu, (KPk)
Pakistan
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