LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 11 : 9 September 2011
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.

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M. S. Thirumalai
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Language Proficiency in Second Language Learners of Urdu Speaker, reference to Persian Phonology

Md. Rizwan, Ph.D.

Introduction

Language functions in communication of those things which are commonly called ideas and feelings. Language can be visualised (a) as a subject and (b) as medium of instruction. The choices and arrangement of the words give language its forms. In written language pronunciation, spelling, and handwriting, contribute additional elements of forms.The ideas and feelings which language communicates may be described as its content/ components.

The rules of grammar definitely describe many items of form. For example, the selection of sounds and their arrangement into patterns constitute the phonology of the language; a verb must agree with its subjects in number and person; pronouns are reflected for person, case, gender and number; and so on. The constituents of education could be broadly categorised into language and non-language subjects.

Language as a subject and language as medium could apply to the First Language (L1) / Mother Tongue (MT)/ Native Language (NL), Second Language (L2) and Third Language (L3)/ Foreign Language (LF) / Other Language (OL). The non-language subjects include science, mathematics, philosophy, civics, technology and a host of other subjects.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Md.Rizwan, Ph.D.
Junior Resource Person
NTS-India(C T& E)
Central Institute of Indian Languages
Mysore -570006
Karnataka, India mdrizwan01@yahoo.com
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