LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 11 : 1 January 2011
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         K. Karunakaran, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.

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Rate of Speech in Punjabi Speakers

Deepti Kaushal, B.Sc., Anuradha Sharma, M.Sc.
Sanjay Munjal, Ph.D., and Naresh Panda, Ph.D.

Abstract

Rate of an individual's speech may affect coordination of respiration and phonation, muscular tension in the vocal tract, and intelligibility. The value of assessing rate of speech is that it allows one to evaluate its effects on the client's communicative abilities.

The aim of the present study was to find out of the rate of speech of native Punjabi speakers. 20 subjects (10 males and 10 females) in the age range of 18-40 years were taken for the study. It was tested whether the rate of speech differs in different tasks, viz., reading and picture description. The results obtained show that the rate of speech in reading is higher than picture description for both males and females. Rate of speech of male speakers does not differ from female speakers.

Key Words: Speaking Rate, Reading Rate, Syllable, Punjabi

Abbreviations

1. N.S. - Not significant
2. SPM - Syllables per minute
3. SPS -Syllables per second
4. WPM - Words per minute
5. WPS - Words per second

Introduction

Individuals relate their experiences, ideas, knowledge, and feelings to one another through various processes of communication. Communication includes speech, sign language, gestures and writing. Speech is the audible manifestation of language. It has two main elements, namely, linguistic knowledge (vocabulary, syntactic, semantic aspects, etc.), pragmatic and prosodic features. Prosodic elements refer to stress-rate, rhythm and intonation.

Speaking rate is the number of syllables or words produced over a given period of time. It has been measured as words or syllables spoken or read per minute, (Ryan 1974; and Ingham 1984)

Rate of speech affects both fluency and intelligibility. Rate varies with number of linguistic events like length of utterances, differences in physiological capacities, ways of speaking, frequency and duration of hesitations and pauses, functioning of central and peripheral mechanisms.

Rate of speech does not have a fixed value. It is generally expressed in range. Normal speaking rate in English language has a range of 115 to 165 words per minute and 162 to 230 syllables per minute (Andrews and Ingham 1971), whereas normal reading rate has a range of 150 to 190 words per minute and 210 to 265 syllables per minute (Darley and Spriesterbach 1978).

Studies have been carried out with respect to rate of speech and the normative values in various Indian languages such as Marathi, Kannada and Oriya. One cannot blindly use the norms of one language for another language in view of the differences in the social environment and the probable difference in the neuromuscular skills.

To the best of knowledge available to the authors, no studies have been carried to measure the rate of speech for Punjabi speaking population except in a cross-linguistic study (Rathna and Bhardwaja 1977). Hence, present study was conducted to establish normative data for the rate of speech of Punjabi speakers.

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Deepti Kaushal, B.Sc. (AST)
Speech and Hearing Unit
Department of ENT
PGIMER
Chandigarh
India
deeptiaslp@yahoo.co.in

Anuradha Sharma, M.Sc. (A and SR)
Speech and Hearing Unit
Department of ENT
PGIMER
Chandigarh
India
anuradha2ks@yahoo.com

Sanjay Munjal, Ph.D. (Audiology)
Speech and Hearing Unit
Department of ENT
PGIMER
Chandigarh
India
sanjaymunjal@rediffmail.com

Naresh Panda, Ph.D. (Audiology)
Speech and Hearing Unit
Department of ENT
PGIMER
Chandigarh
India
npanda59@yahoo.co.in

 
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