LANGUAGE IN INDIA

A Study of Sexual Health Problems among Male Migrants in Tamilnadu, India

T. Pugalenthi, M.A., M.Phil., B.Ed.
A. Subbiah, Ph.D.

Abstract

The issue of sexual health has a very expensive implication to migrants more than to any other groups of people in the society. A dramatic shift from the world of permanent settlers to the status of migrants entails many consequences. Sex health is an important aspect of this mobility. The recent studies in the field of migration and health suggest that there is a strong association between the number of HIV/AIDS cases and the volume of migration. In this situation, an attempt has been made to analyze the HIV/AIDS risk sexual health problem among male migrant workers of Tamilnadu.

Objectives

The objectives of the present research paper are

1. To examine the sexual behavior with FSW and NFSW (Female Sex workers and Non-Female Sex Workers) among male migrant workers in Tamilnadu

2. To analyze the Socio Economic and Demographic characteristics of male migrant workers in the study areas and

3. To assess the sexual health problems and their HIV/AIDS risk among male migrant workers of Tamilnadu.

Background

The issue of sexual health has a very expensive implication to migrants more than to any other groups of people in the society. A dramatic shift from the world of permanent settlers to the status of migrants with greater mobility entails many consequences. When people migrate from their places of origin to the other destinations, their behaviors change. This change includes not only their general behavior but also the sexual activity in the host places.

Sexual health is a central aspect of being human throughout life and encompasses sex, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy and reproduction. Sexual health is also experienced and expressed in thoughts, fantasies, desires, beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviors, practices, roles and relationship with others in the society. Sexual health is influenced by the interaction of biological, psychological, social, economic, political, cultural, ethical, legal, historical, religious and spiritual factors.

Recent Studies

Recent studies in the field of migration and health suggest that there is a strong association between the number of HIV/AIDS cases and the volume of migration. When the number of moves increases, there is also an increase in the incidence of HIV/AIDS cases.

India has witnessed a considerable increase in the prevalence of HIV infection in both the high risk population and the general population since 1986 when the first case of HIV was detected in India. Society is still making up its mind about how to cope with the sexual inclination of men and the desperate economic needs of women that promote prostitution.

It is also estimated that there are approximately 5.1 million people living with HIV/AIDS in India (Nalini Tarakeshwar, et al. 2006). HIV/AIDS is the pandemic which spreads all over the country, particularly; the rates of infection seem to be high in the states with a larger number of migrants. It is very urgent to notice that with growth in global trade and globalization India will be one of the most important nations. This would bring in more mobility which may increase the number of HIV positive cases. The total number of cases may exceed Zambia in future.

Processes of Migration

Migration is a form of spatial mobility, which involves change in the usual place of residence and implies movement across an administrative boundary. The change in the usual place of residence can take place either permanent or semi-permanent or temporary basis (R.B. Bhagat, 2005). Greater mobility of the migrants will influence the increase in the sexual behavior causes among male migrants.

Influence of migration on sexual health involves many socio-economic factors including age, duration of stay, marital status, multiple sex partner in the host place, consuming alcohol during and/or before prior to the sex, close bodily relationship with friends, etc., Hence, the vulnerability to HIV/AIDS among the male migrant workers those who have left behind their wives in the place of origin as well as in general population has increased.

The risks of sexual health among male migrants were neglected by researchers earlier. Lack of awareness about the sexual health, periodic health care attention by the health care service providers has amplified the sexual health problem among the male migrant workers. In this situation, an attempt is made here to analyze the HIV/AIDS risk sexual health problem among male migrant workers of Tamilnadu, India.

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