LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 13:11 November 2013
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
         C. Subburaman, Ph.D. (Economics)
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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Copyright © 2012
M. S. Thirumalai
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Pragmatic Abilities in Juvenile Delinquents

Liji Antony, M.Sc. (Speech Language Pathology) Student
Swathy A., M.Sc. (Speech Language Pathology) Student
Nazla P., BASLP
Vinitha Mary George, MASLP

Introduction

The on-going exchange of messages, in one form or another, connects all living creatures in a never ending circle. Birds do it, honey bees do it, but it is only in humans that we find language being used as a most remarkably facile means of sharing information. And, although other modalities also are utilized, speech is the most common and important way in which we use language to communicate. The act of communication is a process, not an entity. It consists of the transfer of a message from a sender to a receiver. The message may be verbal, non verbal, chemical, electromagnetic, and so on. In the case of humans, the basic unit of communication typically involves a speaker and one or more listeners.

While all living creatures communicate, only human exchange information using a code that we call language. Only the human species has devised an elaborate system of shared symbols and procedures for combining them into meaningful units. Among speech, language and Communication, the greatest is communication; therefore if there is no communication, there is nothing but isolation and despair. The need to exchange messages, in some form, is critical to human.

Language is considered to be a system of communicating with other people using sounds, symbols and words in expressing meaning, idea or thought. Language may refer either to the specific human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication, or to a specific instance of a system of complex communication. Human language is unique, because it allows humans to produce an infinite set of utterances from a finite set of elements and because the symbols and grammatical rules of any particular language are largely arbitrary, the system can only be acquired through social interaction. Language as a tool of communication has been defined as a socially shared code or conventional system for representing concepts which are arbitrary symbols (Owens et al., 2007).

Other Aspects of Communication

Speech and language is only a portion of communication. Other aspect of communication may enhance or even eclipse the linguistic code. The aspects are paralinguistic, non linguistic, Meta linguistics. Para linguistic mechanism can change the meaning of a sentence by acting across individual sounds or word of a sentence .These mechanisms signal attitude or emotion and include intonation, stress, rate of delivery and pause or hesitation. Intonation patterns are changes in pitch, such as rising pitch at the end of a sentence used to signal a question. Pauses may be used to emphasize a portion of the message or to replace it. Even young children recognize that a short maternal pause after their request usually signals a negative replay.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Liji Antony
C/o K.T. Charley
Kavalakkal (H), Edacochi,
Ernakulam District
Cochin-682006
Kerala
India
antonylusvin@gmail.com

M.Sc. (Speech Language Pathology) Student
All India Institute of Speech & Hearing
Manasagangothri, Mysore 570 006
Karnataka
India

Swathy A.
Midhila, Tc-7/1858
Sreechitranagar C-73, Pangode,
Thirumala P.O
Trivandrum 695006
Kerala
India
swathyasokan@gmail.com

M.Sc. (Speech Language Pathology) Student
All India Institute of Speech & Hearing
Manasagangothri, Mysore 570 006
Karnataka
India

Nazla P.
Poonthala (H)
Mongam P.O.
Malappuram-673642
Kerala
India
nazla.aslp@gmail.com

Speech Pathologist
EMS Cooperative Hospital
Perinthalmanna, Malappuram
Kerala
India
nazla.aslp@gmail.com

Vinitha Mary George
Lecturer
Department of Audiology & Speech Pathology
National Institute of Speech & Hearing
Karimanal P.O
Trivandrum - 695583
Kerala
India
vinithageorge@yahoo.com
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