LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 13:9 September 2013
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
         C. Subburaman, Ph.D. (Economics)
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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Biomechanical Analysis of Different Forms of Female Walking

Mondal Shubhobrota Mondal, Indranil Mondal and Sudarsan Bhowmick

Abstract

Introduction: Walking is a fundamental activity for human being. Mainly there are three types of walking viz. Normal Walking, Race Walking and Marching. While normal walking is used for locomotion, Marching is used by the army and police personnel for locomotion in a disciplined manner and race walking is a competitive sport. In the process of walking leg movements are primary but the arm movements have also important role. The purpose of the present study was to analyze and compare some selected mechanical parameters of these three forms of walking and compare them.

Methods:For the present study fifteen females from different groups of walking were selected as the subjects. Among them five were National level NCC cadets, five were National level race walkers and the rest five were normal females. The movements of all three types of walking were recorded using video-graphic technique. Afterwards the recorded movements were projected frame to frame and kinegrams were drawn. From the kinegram the kinematic parameters were analyzed using appropriate software. Selected kinematic parameters were velocity of Cg, movement amplitudes of leg and arm.

Results and Discussion: Mean velocity of Race Walking was 3.98m/s, Normal Walking 1.35m/s and Marching 0.99m/s. Mean Stride Length for Race Walking was 1.17m, for Normal Walking was 0.69m and for Marching 0.50m. The mean Arm Amplitude for Race Walking was117.40, for Normal Walking 64.60, and for Marching 170.20. All the inter-group differences were statistically significant at 0.01 level.

Conclusion: On the basis of results, following conclusions were drawn. The velocity of the main body and leg amplitude were maximum for the race walking and minimum for marching-group.

Keywords: Walking, Marching and biomechanical analysis.

Introduction

Walking is a fundamental racial activity for human beings. A child learns walking in natural process of growth and development and performs it throughout life. Leg movements are the primary movements for this locomotion process. But, a close look into the movement structure of walking clearly indicates that the arms also move in certain coordinative pattern of leg movements. Many studies have been conducted to analyze the gait pattern of individuals, where the arm movements have also been studied. General conclusions drawn in most of these studies emphasize the characteristics and contribution of arm swing to the leg movements as well as the movements of the whole body. By nature arm swing movements are just opposite in direction of the leg movements. Thus, the left arm swings forward with the forward movement of right leg. The main purpose of arm movements, as has been concluded, is to help the body to maintain balance during the process of locomotion.

Walking has many forms- normal walking, race walking, marching etc. With the change of form, the arm movements also alter in these cases. Present study was planned to study and analyze the nature of some selected kinematic parameters of arm movements in the three different forms of walking as mentioned above in relation to the leg movements and total body movement, and to compare them.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Mondal Shubhobrota Mondal
Assistant Teacher
Bakulia N N Girls High School
West Bengal
India

Indranil Mondal
Assistant Professor Department of Physical Education
UCTC
West Bengal
India
drindranil.mondal@gmail.com

Sudarsan Bhowmick
Professor Department of Physical Education
Kalyani University
Kalyani
West Bengal
India
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