LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 14:1 January 2014
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
         C. Subburaman, Ph.D. (Economics)
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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Phonological Awareness Skills in Children with
Early Transient Ear Infections

Binoy Shany M.S., M.Sc. Speech, Language & Hearing, Ph.D. Scholar
Dr. T. A. Subbarao, Ph.D.
Thushara M. K., BASLP

Introduction

An extremely important factor in language development is the sheer amount of speech input that the infant and young child receives. Even before the child understands the meaning of words, the child notices regularities in the acoustic properties of speech input. Consequently the infant develops acoustic-phonetic representations for sound categories that allow him or her to ignore acoustic variation that is not meaningful and attend selectively to acoustic variation that is meaningful. Children who experience recurrent ear infections in their early infancy typically receive less speech input from their parents and show delays in speech perception, phonological awareness, and language development relative to children who receive adequate input

A hearing loss, first and foremost, interferes with a child's detection and recognition of speech. In the case of a conductive type of hearing loss, for example due to Otitis media, it may cause fluctuating hearing levels and the development of auditory skills that are prerequisite to the development of receptive and expressive language skills, as well as speech intelligibility, are delayed. In turn, a delay in the early development of auditory skills caused by a hearing loss negatively impacts a child's ability to learn and use an auditory–oral language system. The reduced auditory input, if in the early years of life when the auditory neural system is still maturing, may adversely influence the structural as well as functional development of the system, which in turn will affect the normal acquisition of speech, language and communication.

Otitis media (OM) is a general term used to describe any inflammatory process of the middle ear (Jung & Hanson, 1999). A number of studies (Teele, et al., 1980; Marchant, et al., 1984; Gravel, et al., 1988; Owen, et al., 1993; Hogan, et al., 1997; as cited in Hartley, 2000) reported that almost all (50 – 100%) children have an episode of OME in the first few years of life. Though most children only suffer from one or two brief episodes, a significant minority (18%) (Hogan et al., 1997 as cited in Hartley, 2000) suffers from OM for more than half of the first three years of life. In India, it is reported that OM was the cause of conductive hearing loss in nearly 71% of the 1505 persons ranging in age from 1 – 80 years. (Parsram & Jalvi as cited in Maruthy & Mannarukrishnaiah, 2008).

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Binoy Shany M.S., M.Sc. Speech, Language & Hearing, Ph.D. Scholar
Assistant Professor
Dr. M. V. Shetty College of Speech and Hearing
Malady Court, Kavoor
Mangalore-575015
Karnataka
India
shany003@yahoo.com

Dr. T. A. Subbarao, Ph.D.
Director
Dr. M.V. Shetty College of Speech and Hearing
Malady Court, Kavoor
Mangalore-575015
Karnataka
India
subbaraota@yahoo.com

Thushara, M. K., BASLP
Assistant Lecturer
Dr. M.V. Shetty College of Speech and Hearing
Malady Court, Kavoor
Mangalore-575015
Karnataka
India
thusharabinoy@yahoo.com
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