LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 16:4 April 2016
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
         C. Subburaman, Ph.D. (Economics)
         N. Nadaraja Pillai, Ph.D.
         Renuga Devi, Ph.D.
         Soibam Rebika Devi, M.Sc., Ph.D.
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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A Comparative Study of Lexical Cohesive Devices Used by
L1 and L2 Urdu Speakers

Saadia Rasheed, M.A. Applied Linguistics and TESOL,
M.Sc. Applied Linguistics
Faiza Abid, M.Phil. Applied Linguistics

Abstract

The study reports a comparative study of use of lexical cohesive devices by L1 (Urdu as a first language) and L2 (Urdu as a second language) speakers through detailed analysis of the quantitative and qualitative data. The data is obtained from 11 Urdu television programmes based on current affairs. The duration of the conversations is 120 minutes per conversation. The study reveals the differences between the use of cohesive devices in terms of type and degree by L1 and L2 speakers of the Urdu language. Results show that L1 speaker is a proficient user of cohesive devices such as, collocation and synonym to build up the conversation in an effective way while repetition is the most utilized category by L2 speaker.

Keywords: Cohesion, lexical cohesive devices, EFL/ESL learning.

Introduction

Almost all language users practice different cohesive ties in their verbal or written discourse. However, the degree of the use of these cohesive devices depends upon the proficiency of the speaker of the particular language. Cohesion analysis can provide the ratio for the usage of lexical cohesive devices. This study aims to analyze lexical cohesion in the conversation of two speakers of Urdu. Two case studies are used, in the first, the speaker’s first language is Urdu as (L1) and in the second, the speaker utilizes Urdu as a second language (L2). In this study, two conversations, each of 120 minutes, are observed to evaluate the process of textualization in speech by comparing the use of lexical cohesive terms. The study explores the types of lexical cohesive devices in both speaker’s data such as; collocations, synonyms and repetition, it also analyses the difference in occurrences of each term. In both sets of data the most recurrent sub-types are repetition, collocation and synonymy.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Saadia Rasheed
M.A. Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge UK.
CELTA Certified. UK
M.Sc. Applied Linguistics, University of Management and Technology Lahore Pakistan

Lecturer
Institute of Communication and Cultural Studies (ICCS)
University of Management and Technology
Lahore, PAKISTAN
saadia.rasheed@umt.edu.pk

Faiza Abid
M.Phil. Applied Linguistics, Kinnaired College for Women Lahore Pakistan

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