LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 16:3 March 2016
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
         C. Subburaman, Ph.D. (Economics)
         N. Nadaraja Pillai, Ph.D.
         Renuga Devi, Ph.D.
         Soibam Rebika Devi, M.Sc., Ph.D.
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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Phonological Development Profile in
Typically Developing Hindi Speaking Children

Ravali Pyata, MASLP., Ph.D. Scholar
Dr. Arun Banik, Ph.D.

Abstract

The present cross sectional study aimed to delineate the phonological development across 2 ½ to 6 ½ years of typically developing Hindi speaking children. A total of 80 children from Mumbai who were further sub divided into 4 groups i.e. 2 ½ - 3 ½ years, 3 ½ -4 ½ years, 4 ½ -5 ½ years and 5 ½ - 6 ½ years with each group constituting 10 females and 10 males participated in the study. The inclusion criteria for the children was native Hindi speaking with normal oral peripheral mechanism, attending Hindi medium school and with no associated problems. The Photo articulation test in Hindi was administered on all the children. A total of 16 vowels, 30 consonants and 11 blends were assessed. The children responses were recorded using Sony digital audio recorder and further transcribed in broad IPA by the researcher. A phoneme acquisition criteria of 80% and above was selected for all the phonemes to be considered as acquired. The data was subjected to descriptive statistical analysis to identify mean and standard deviation values and further the mean scores were converted into percentages. The results indicated a clear correlation between the features of the phonemes and their age of acquisition. This age wise wide range of data will add to the present normative information in Hindi speaking population and can be used to differentiate between phonological disorders and normal acquisition.

Keywords: Phonology, Hindi, Acquisition, Normative

Introduction

Phonology refers to the branch of linguistics that deals with sound systems and sound patterns (Edwards, 1997). It involves the study of classification and organization of speech sounds in a language (Vihman, 1996).

The child’s language development is commonly divided into pre-linguistic behaviour, i.e., vocalizations prior to first true words and linguistic development, which starts with the appearance of the first words. As the child’s vocabulary increases, there is also increase in phonological system. Children learn the entire range of phonemes of their language gradually from simpler to more complex sounds. The acquisition of various speech sounds is closely related to the child’s overall language development (Bauman & Waengler, 2004). It has been observed in available literature till date, that all the phonemes of a language are acquired by 6-7 years of age and it is largely dependent on individual language characteristics in typically developing children.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Ravali Pyata, Ph.D. Scholar
Lecturer (Speech and Hearing)
Ali Yavar Jung National Institute for the Hearing Handicapped
K.C Marg, Bandra Reclamation
Mumbai 400050
India
ravali.p@rediffmail.com

Dr. Arun Banik, Ph.D.
Reader & Head of the Department of Speech and Hearing
Ali Yavar Jung National Institute for the Hearing Handicapped
K.C Marg, Bandra Reclamation
Mumbai 400050
India
drbanik@gmail.com

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