LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 15:5 May 2015
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
         C. Subburaman, Ph.D. (Economics)
         N. Nadaraja Pillai, Ph.D.
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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M. S. Thirumalai
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Descriptive Analyses of Phonological Development in
Typically Developing Hindi-Speaking Children

Ramandeep Kaur, MASLP
Dr. T. A. Subba Rao, Ph.D.

Abstract

Abstract

Phonology refers to the speech sound systems of a language. It involves the study of classification and organization of speech sounds in a language. The term ‘phonemic’ refers to speech sound use (functions/behavior/organization of the speech sound system). Most of the previous research reveals that phonological skills develop with age and thus older children had more accurate speech and fewer error patterns in their speech. However, in Indian contexts, limited studies are noted in the area of language development in typically developing Hindi-speaking children. Thus, the present study aimed to obtain extensive phonological data among in Hindi-speaking typically developing children across four age groups 4-4.5years, 4.5-5 years, 5-5.5 years, and 5.5-6 years. Following the guidelines of LARSP on sample collection, a series of toys and pictures were used and data was collected by video recording the interaction between the clinician and the client.

The results revealed that phonology develops significantly with the age. Thus, older children had more accurate production and fewer error patterns in their speech relative to younger group. A comparison with related studies has been discussed clearly in the paper which reveals a number of studies supporting the finding. The present study has significant implications for the assessment of developmental speech disorders among Hindi-speaking group of Indian population.

Key words: Phonological development, Indian population

Introduction

Language refers to a systematic and conventional use of sounds (signs or symbols) for the purpose of communication and expression (Crystal, 1995[1]). It is defined as a complex and dynamic system of conventional symbols that is used in various modes for thought and communication (American Speech and Hearing Association, 1996[2]). It refers to a rule based system of symbolic communication involving a set of small unit (syllables or words) that can be combined to yield an infinite number of larger language forms (Hoff & Naigles, 2002[3]).

During the development of language among typically developing children, the phonological and communicative acquisitions precede and thus prepare the child with the process of language acquisition. Infants are not only responsive towards speech but they are also skilled at making speech discrimination, right at the infancy stage. By 4-6 months a child begins to babble until the first words arrive at 1-1.6 years. Babbling appears to lead the child into words. Before words appear, children seem to have already acquired some communicative skills, generally requesting and asserting skills (Bruner, 1975[4]; Bates, 1976[5]). Consequently, the first words are produced between 10-15 months of age. These are hard to distinguish from the ‘protowords’. These words may be context bound, situation-specific or function-specific and referential (Hoff, 2009[6]). Among initial words, the noun meanings are much consistent to verb meanings (Gertner & Boroditsky, 2001[7]).

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Ramandeep Kaur, Ph.D. Scholar
Mangalore University
Dr. MV Shetty College, Kavoor
Mangalore-575015
Karnataka
India
minikr17@gmail.com

Dr. T. A. Subba Rao, Ph.D.
Ph.D. Guide
Mangalore University
Dr. M. V. Shetty College, Kavoor
Mangalore-575015
Karnataka
India
drtasr.slp@gmail.com
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