LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 15:5 May 2015
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         S. M. Ravichandran, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
         C. Subburaman, Ph.D. (Economics)
         N. Nadaraja Pillai, Ph.D.
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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Normative Values for PRAAT in the Age Range of 5-10 Years Old Typically Developing Children

Shruthi. L, MASLP Final Year Student
Satish Kumaraswamy, Asst. Professor & Ph.D. Scholar

Abstract

There are several softwares which have their normative values like MDVP, Dr Speech, and Vaghmi. The present study aims to establish a normative data for PRAAT software in the age range of 5-10 yrs. for Indian population. Two hundred and fifty children (between the age ranges of 5-10 years) participated in the study. Voice samples were elicited by asking each participant to produce sustained phonations of /a/, /i/ and /u/ sounds at his or her habitual levels of pitch and loudness lasting longer than 3 seconds. Each subject’s Fundamental Frequency (Fo), jitter, shimmer, signal to noise ratio (SNR) and noise to harmonic ratio (HNR) were measured and analyzed using PRAAT software. Based on the acoustic analysis, the result of the current study is presented below, for children in the age range of 5-10 yrs a mean FO of for /a/ is 271.6,/i/ is 287.2 and /u/ is 292.3; jitter of 0.6851 % for /a/, 0.4752% for /i/ and 0.5657% for /u/; shimmer of 0.4549 for /a/, 0.3220 /i/ and 0.2775/u/;SNR of .0269 for /a/;0.0184 for/i/ and 0.0068 for /u/; HNR for /a/ is 17.5413, 19.9144 for /i/ and 25.5379 for /u/. Normatives obtained from PRAAT can be further used to compare the characteristics of abnormal and normal population.

Key words: Fo, HNR, SNR, phonation, PRATT

Introduction

Voice is produced by the interactive function of Respiratory, Laryngeal and Resonatory System. The human voice production involves a complex series of events which are controlled by the central nervous system. Age related structural changes to these systems will in-turn change the voice parameters. Acoustic analysis of voice has been used extensively in dealing with voice of the professional voice users and others. Analysis of vowel sounds helps us to understand the fundamental frequency (fo), intensity, and the filter characteristics (formant frequencies, jitter, shimmer, etc.). These measures are widely used, in part because of the availability of electronics and microcomputer based instruments, e.g., Kay elemetrics computerized speech Laboratory (CSL) or Multi speech, Real Time, Pitch, Multi – Dimensional voice.

PRAAT is a program for speech analysis and synthesis that was created by Paul Boersma and David Weenink at the department of English Phonetics of the University of Amsterdam, 1992. It is most often used with speech sounds, in which case the pitch contour is associated with the vibration of the vocal folds and the formant contours are associated with resonances in the vocal tract.

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Shruthi, L.
Second Year Post Graduate Student
Dr. M.V. Shetty College of Speech and Hearing
Maladi Court, Kavoor
Mangalore- 575015
Karnataka
India
Lachus.lakshmi@gmail.com

Satish Kumaraswamy
Assit. Professor & Ph.D. Scholar
Dr. M.V. Shetty College of Speech and Hearing
Maladi Court, Kavoor
Mangalore- 575015
Karnataka
India
sat8378@yahoo.com
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