LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 16:11 November 2016
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
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A Study of Social Symbolism in the Poetry of Hamid Mosaddegh

Mansour Nikpanah, Ph.D., Faculty Member, Higher Educational Complex of Saravan, Iran
Sima Gharibey, M.A. English Literature, Bushehr, Iran
Kazem Hasanzadeh, M.A. in Literature and Secretary of Education
Nasrin Mozaffari, Ph.D. Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran


Hamid Mosaddegh (1940-1998)
Courtesy: http://en.wikichavoshi.org/artist/Hamid_Mosadegh

Abstract

Hamid Mosaddegh is one of Iran’s well-known contemporary poets who went along with a fresh look and a new style in composing poems. One of the features of Hamid Mosaddegh’s poetry is the acquaintance with contemporary European poets and applying the poetic atmosphere, taking benefit from the literary schools’ indicators.

With regard to the overall changes that occur in contemporary Iranian literature and the social issues which are highlighted in the poems, Mosaddegh as a poet hopes the new ethos would stay unaffected by the change. One of the most influential literary schools of Europe is symbolism, especially its social branch. In order to identify the traces of this school in Mosaddegh’s poetry, it is necessary to study the prominent elements and parameters of this school in his poetry. These elements encompass both the appearance and structure of the poem and its internal and inner parts. Issues like rhyme and rhythm, the reflection of modern language, symbolic language, epic speech, and so on are related to the appearance of poetry, and themes like commitment to the people, manifestation of mythology and ancient culture, are indicative of the inner aspects of poetry which are studied in this article.

Keywords: Hamid Mossadegh, Social Symbolism, Symbolic Language, Epic Language, Commitment to the People.

Introduction

Symbolism, as the term suggests, is one of the European schools that was formed in Europe in the second half of the nineteenth century after the schools of classicism, realism, romanticism and naturalism. The beginning of one of the literary movements in France in the nineteenth century which was set against realism and naturalism, was symbolism. Symbolism is taken from of the word as a noun and is used in the sense of a mystery, an evidence or indication of something that represents something else. The representative of this new thought that thinks of all of world and its phenomena as a forest full of references and codes is Charles Baudelaire who has supposed and embodied this perspective in “Flowers of Evil”. (Zare 36)

The other founders and eminent giants of this school to be named are Stéphane Mallarmé, Paul Verlaine and Arthur Rimbaud (all from France). Finally, in 1886, Jean Maurer formulated the manifesto of symbolism in France’s poetry by inserting an article in the newspaper “Le Figaro" and formalized it. Since then, this school in European and American countries is well founded by other celebrated followers such as T.S. Eliot, Maurice Maeterlinck, Alexander Block, and also William Butler Yeats”. (Shamisa 30)

Like all European literary schools it has left its influence upon trends and developments in other nations' literatures.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Mansour Nikpanah, Ph.D.
Faculty Member, Higher Educational Complex of Saravan
Iran

Sima Gharibey, M.A. English Literature, Bushehr, Iran

Kazem Hasanzadeh, M.A. in Literature and Secretary of Education

Nasrin Mozaffari, Ph.D. Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Bushehr, Iran (Corresponding Author)
mozafare@yahoo.com

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