LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 19:12 December 2019
ISSN 1930-2940

Editors:
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         T. Deivasigamani, Ph.D.
         Pammi Pavan Kumar, Ph.D.
         Soibam Rebika Devi, M.Sc., Ph.D.

Managing Editor & Publisher: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.

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A Systematic Examination of Literature Review in
Turn-Taking Behavior During Conversations
in People Who Stutter Since 1985

Shivangi Banerjee, Ph.D. Scholar

Abstract

Stuttering is a communication disorder which is characterized by intermittent and involuntary speech disruptions. It afflicts around 1% of the population. Reappraisal of scientific literature indicates that examination of turn-taking behaviors during conversations in those who stutter has emerged as an interesting area among the speech-language clinicians, and linguists. The objective of this paper is to conduct a systematic examination of the research works carried on turn-taking behaviors during conversations in the field of stuttering disorder since 1985. This was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Google Scholar, and other bibliographical references were scrutinized for locating relevant research articles (or, items) on the topic under consideration. Keywords containing such as “Turn-Taking”, AND/OR “Conversation Analysis” were entered in the search engine tabs. The PubMed database generated a total of 31 items. An additional list of 41 items was located using the Google Scholar, and other bibliographical sources. Out of these 72 items, only 22 of them were considered based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the current study. The search was conducted between 01/07/2019 to 20/08/2019. The selected research articles were, then, discussed according to the turn-taking behaviors (i.e. verbal, and nonverbal behaviors), and recruitment of target participants (i.e. Children Who Stutter-CWS, and Adults Who Stutter-AWS) followed up in those studies. To sum up, the significance of conducting systematic examination stemmed from the realization that a successful application of turn-taking mechanism during conversation allows an uninterrupted flow of meaningful information between a speaker, and a listener at regular intervals. However, in the case of those who stutter, any level of social interaction is difficult because of the interference of speech impediment while speaking with others. This restricts their participation in the interacting process. Systematic production of research works with adults is necessary to understand the cause of communication breakdown in natural settings among AWS.

Keywords: Stuttering Disorder, Turn-Taking Behavior, and Literature Review

1. 1. Introduction

Stuttering is an intermittent, involuntary and a neurophysiological communication disorder which afflicts around 1% of the population (Ambrose & Yairi, 1999, p. 1097). Although, stuttering has been repeatedly defined from various perspectives, Sheehan (1958, p. 121-167) emphasized the significance of looking at the disorder both at the surface level and at a deeper level. According to him, only 20% of the overt stuttering features are produced and are visible to the listeners, while the rest of the stuttering symptomology, which accounts for 80 % of the covert features, remains invisible to the outside world. The overt features mainly consist of (a) speech-related symptoms such as part-word, single-syllable whole word repetition, audible prolongation, and silent blocks (Yairi & Seery, 2015, p. 11); and (b) presence of secondary behaviors or physical concomitants such as gaze aversion, facial grimacing, tongue protruding, eye blinking, and extraneous movement of limbs (Woolf, 1967; Zhang, Saltuklaroglu, Hough, & Kalinowski, 2009).

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Shivangi

Shivangi Banerjee, Ph.D. Scholar
Centre for Linguistics
School of Language, Literature & Culture Studies
Jawaharlal Nehru University, India
1986shivangi@gmail.com
+91-7080593422
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