LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 18:1 January 2018
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
         C. Subburaman, Ph.D. (Economics)
         N. Nadaraja Pillai, Ph.D.
         Renuga Devi, Ph.D.
         Soibam Rebika Devi, M.Sc., Ph.D.
         Dr. S. Chelliah, Ph.D.
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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Varieties of Kashmiri English

Sobial Jahane Gazzalie, Ph.D. Scholar

Abstract

English is one of the largest spoken languages in the world. It is also widely spoken in India with the influence of different ‘variety’ of Indian languages which ultimately results a variety known as ‘Indian English’. Indian English is serried phrase that refers to variety (various forms) of English used in different states of India. The term ‘variety’ is used to refer to any variant of a language which can be sufficiently delimited from another variant. In general term it is any distinctive form of language or linguistic expression. Linguists commonly use language variety (or simply variety) as a cover term for any of the overlapping subcategories of a language including dialect, idiolect, register and social dialect. In this paper we will discuss one of the varieties of Indian English which is called as ‘Kashmiri English’. This paper will highlight the conditions and main functions of English in Kashmir. It will focus on the sub-varieties of Kashmiri English.

Keywords: Variety, Sub-variety, Indian English, Dialect, Idiolect, Kashmiri English, Boatman English, Shawl, Kangiri, Code-switching, Code-mixing, Educated English, Standard Variety, Received Pronunciation, Vocabulary, Native, Non-Native, Kashmiri English, Sanskritized Variety, Persianized Variety.

Introduction

In The Oxford Companion to the English Language (1992), Tom McArthur identifies two broad types of language variety: "(1) user-related varieties, associated with particular people and often places and (2) use-related varieties, associated with function, such as legal English (the language of courts, contracts, etc.) and literary English (the typical usage of literary texts, conversations, etc.)."

A ‘variety’ can be regarded as a 'dialect' for some purposes and a 'language' for others, and casual ambivalence about such matters is common worldwide. Language scholars have in recent decades used the term variety to label a subdivision within a language. Varieties may relate to a place or community such as Indian English, African English, Australian English, American English, British English, Spanish English, and German English etc. Sub-varieties of all the above English varieties are also present, e.g. in Indian English we have South Indian English, Babu English, Kashmiri English, Guajarati English, Marathi English, etc.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Sobial Jahane Gazzalie, Ph.D. Scholar
Gujarat University
Navrangpura
Ahmedabad 380009
Gujarat
India
sjgazzalie@gmail.com

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