LANGUAGE IN INDIA

CONTENTS

WISH YOU A HAPPY NEW YEAR!

Language in India www.languageinindia.com is an open access journal. Language in India www.languageinindia.com does not charge readers or their institutions for access.

We have agreements with several database organizations such as EBSCOHost database, MLA International Bibliography and the Directory of Periodicals, ProQuest (Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts) and Gale Research for indexing articles and books published in Language in India. The journal is included in the Cabell’s Directory, a leading directory in the USA.

Research Scholars and Students, especially the first-generation college-goers from backward areas in South Asia whose articles are peer-reviewed and accepted for publication but do not have adequate resources to pay the publication fee, may write to the Publisher (languageinindiaUSA@gmail.com) to explore the possibility of scholarship to publish their peer-reviewed and accepted articles.

Articles published in Language in India are peer-reviewed by one or more members of the Board of Editors or an outside scholar who is a specialist in the related field. Since the dissertations are already reviewed by the University-appointed examiners, dissertations accepted for publication in Language in India are not reviewed again.

The next issue (the issue of February, 2020) will be uploaded by the fourth week of February, 2020 or earlier.

• A Need for Teacher Development Training Programmes for
  the Teachers of English at Tertiary Education in Assam ...
  Kabita Ghosh, M.A., B.Ed., Ph.D. Research Scholar

• Names in Hyperreality:
  A Postmodern Outlook Towards the Role of Mass Media in
  Bengali Naming Patterns in Urban Context ...
  Monalisa Bhattacherjee, M.A., M.Phil., NET

• Indomitable Spirit of the Feministic Characters in
  Anita Nair’s Lessons In Forgetting ...
  M. Preetha, M.A., M.Phil., Research Scholar and Dr. Jayaseela

• The Role of Climate Change Fiction in the Anthropocene Era ...
  M. Shanmuga Sundaram, Ph.D. (PT) Scholar and Dr. U. Sumathy

• Draupadi as an objectified and dehumanized woman in
  Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s The Palace of Illusions ...
  Dr. S. Sharmila

• Effects of Lexical Density and Lexical Variety in
  the Written Production of EFL Learners ...
  Muhammad Naeem Yaqubi

• Gender Stereotypes in Advertising:
  A Critical Discourse Analysis ...
  Beebee Hassanaath Heathy, Ph.D. Research Scholar

• Phonological Features of Kisan Mother Tongue Spoken in Odisha State ...
  P. Perumalsamy, Ph.D.

• Human Relations in Kiran Desai’s Novels:
  A Postmodern Analysis ...
  Dr. Prakash Chandra Patel

• Mispronunciation of English Consonant Sounds by Yemeni EFL Learners at Secondary Schools:
  An Analysis of the Problems and Some Remedies ...
  Fahmi Abdo Mohamed Al Mafalees, Ph.D.

• Understanding the Fundamental Nature of Power through Myths in George Orwell’s Animal Farm ...
  Shikha Thakur, Ph.D. Research Scholar English

• Kanthapura Protagonist as Representation of Gandhi ...
  Dr. C. Ramya, M.B.A., M.A., M.Phil., Ph.D.

• Happiness Index among Audiologists and
  Speech-Language Pathologists of India ...
  Maithily Rai, Hemaraja Nayaka. S. and Sampath Kumar Lagishetti

• The Modern Elegy in English and Tamil ...
  Dr. S. Chelliah, M.A., Ph.D., D.Litt.
  J. Kavithanjali, MBA., MLISc., PGDCA

• Katherine Mansfield and Rajam Krishnan:
  Womanhood from a Conventional Perspective ...
  Dr. S. Chelliah, M.A., Ph.D., D.Litt.

• Impact of Child Characters on the Fatherhood of Whisky Priest in Graham Greene’s The Power and the Glory ...
  Tahmeena Hussain, M.A. English & M.Phil. English, Ph.D. Scholar

• Theoretical Insights Inspiring the Conceptualization of the Language Curriculum: A Critical Overview ...
  Muhammed Rukan Uddin, Ph.D.

• Causativisation in Malayalam:
  A Historical Approach ...
  Parvathy Prasad S., M.Phil., Ph.D.

• MACHINE TRANSLATION – YESTERDAY, TODAY AND TOMORROW
  Tamil Book ...
  Prof. Rajendran Sankaravelayuthan

• Weekly Notes: Practical Ideas for Research & Better Writing ...
• Creative Works ...
  Various Authors - Vijaya, K.R., Raji Narasimhan; Bala Devi; Selvi Bunce; Tanu Kashyap, Kiran Sikka, Kaneez Fatima Syeda, V. Shoba
• A PRINT VERSION OF ALL THE PAPERS OF JANUARY 2020 ISSUE IN BOOK FORMAT
  This volume is better viewed if you open it online and then save it in your computer. After saving it in your computer, you can easily read and print all the pages from the saved document.
  If you are not connected to a high-speed Internet service provider, you may like to get these downloaded in a "browsing centre" near you and ask them to burn a CD of the entire volume for your personal use and not for distribution.

CONTACT EDITOR

Courtesy: http://www.mapsofindia.com

Board of Editors

• Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
  Professor-cum-Deputy Director, CIIL (Retired)
• B. Mallikarjun, Former Director, Centre for Classical Kannada
  Central University of Karnataka
• A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D., Professor and Head
  Department of Linguistics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (Retired)
• G. Baskaran, Ph.D. Professor of English, Department of English, Gandhigram Deemed University
• T. Deivasigamani, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of English, Annamalai University
• Pammi Pavan Kumar, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Telugu, University of Hyderabad
• Soibam Rebika Devi, M.Sc., Ph.D., National Translation Mission, CIIL, Tibeto-Burman Studies
• Managing Editor and Publisher: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D. Professor-cum-Deputy Director, CIIL (Retired)

GUIDELINES FOR THE SUBMISSION OF ARTICLES, ETC. FOR
PUBLICATION IN
LANGUAGE IN INDIA
www.languageinindia.com

Thanks, my dear friend! You are most welcome to send articles for publication in Language in India www.languageinindia.com. Our Board of Editors consists of distinguished linguists and literature Professors with many years of contributions to Indian Linguistics, Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences. We will evaluate every article before we accept any for publication. We are very happy that you did a good job in your last article.
Please write to us for any further clarification.

Language in India www.languageinindia.com is an international online monthly research journal, and is indexed in four major international databases: EBSCOHost, ProQuest (Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts), MLA International Bibliography and Gale Research. The journal is included in the Cabell’s Directory, USA. Thus, your research is available in University Libraries all over the world for others to read and cite.

Articles published in Language in India are peer-reviewed by one or more members of the Board of Editors or an outside scholar who is a specialist in the related field. Since the dissertations are already reviewed by the University-appointed examiners, dissertations accepted for publication in Language in India are not reviewed again.

You must do the following:

• Must include your complete address including institutional affiliation and e-mail address on the first page of your article. Please also give your cell phone number (for urgent editorial messages only). It is for the authors to take care of this important part if they want others to correspond with them on the subject.
• You must give the declaration as to the authenticity of the work that you submit. This declaration should state that your article or work submitted for publication in LANGUAGE IN INDIA www.languageinindia.com is an original work by you and that you have duly acknowledged the work or works of others you either cited or used in writing your articles, etc. A model is given below:

This is to certify that the article ……. submitted for publication in language in India www.languageinindia.comis an original work by me/us based on my/our research, that I/we have duly acknowledged in the said paper the work or works of others I/we used in writing this article, that I/we have duly cited all such work/s in the text as well as in the list of references, and that I/we have presented within quotes all the original sentences and phrases, etc. taken from the sources that I/we have consulted in writing this article.

I/we further declare that the paper submitted for publication in Language in India www.languageinindia.com has not been previously published, is not currently submitted for review to any other journal, and will not be submitted elsewhere before a decision is made by this journal.

I/we also declare that I/we will pay the formatting fee for the article/dissertation (specified in the Guidelines) as and when my paper/dissertation is accepted for publication in Language in India www.languageinindia.com.

• Authors may kindly review their articles in the light of the required declaration given above, before they submit their work for publication in Language in India www.languageinindia.com. They are wholly responsible for any plagiarism identified in their works. Language in India www.languageinindia.com will not and does not assume any responsibility for the acts of plagiarism committed by the authors.
• If any complaint is received with evidence that your paper is plagiarized or that your paper does not cite sources but gives the impression that the ideas and the sentences you've used from other sources are your own, we will immediately delete the paper and then it is up to the author to make changes suitably and add a certificate of original work. As such retraction is done because of plagiarism, authors may be asked to pay a formatting fee to reinstate their article after corrections are made.
• Kindly view the above as positive directions so that your scholarship is well recognized.
• Kindly note that you are not permitted to add any new author/s or delete the names of authors from the paper/s, once you've submitted your article/s for publication.
• Remember that by maintaining academic integrity we not only do the right thing but also help the growth, development and recognition of Indian scholarship. This applies also to all who submit their articles for publication from other nations as well.
• You must not paginate your article submitted in the Word or pdf formats. www.languageinindia.com will paginate it.
• If your article involves a lot of diacritic marks and is a complex presentation that is difficult to reproduce, you may like to submit your article in PDF format. While doing so, please do not paginate it.
• The title page will be somewhat like this in pdf. Title of the paper in bold, Times New Roman in 16 point, immediately followed by the name/s of the author/s, with each author's name followed by their educational qualification such as Ph.D., M.Phil., or M.A., etc., in 14 point, and then after one line space, a line in bold. After this, give one line space and begin your article. It is better to check how pdf files are formatted in Language in India www.languageinindia.com and proceed accordingly. While in doubt, please send an e-mail to languageinindiaUSA@gmail.com.
• Please include your educational qualifications such as M.Phil., immediately after your name in the first page of the article.
• Give complete details of your address, with full postal number (pin or zip code).Include the e-mail addresses and postal addresses of all the authors of the article. It will be useful to add your cell phone number/s for any urgent contact.
• Please tell all your friends, colleagues, supervisors, and relatives that your article is published in Language in India www.languageinindia.com so that they will log in and see it. You do not become known easily unless your work is publicized first in your circles of friends and relatives!
• Encourage your co-workers also to write articles for Language in India www.languageinindia.com.
• If you can support this publication by donations, you are most welcome to do so, and we will receive the gifts with gratitude and appreciation. Remember, it does cost a lot of money and time, even to perform good works! However, donations will not influence the decision to accept or not accept any submission for publication in www.languageinindia.com.
• Research Scholars and Students, especially the first-generation college-goers from backward areas in South Asia whose articles are peer-reviewed and accepted for publication but do not have adequate resources to pay the publication fee, may write to the Publisher (languageinindiaUSA@gmail.com) to explore the possibility of scholarship to publish their peer-reviewed and accepted articles.
• Language in India www.languageinindia.com charges a formatting fee of Indian rupees 1400 only for the publication of each article (not exceeding 20 pages) submitted by authors from South Asia and other less affluent countries. Authors from affluent countries are charged a fee of Indian rupees 2800 only. Note that those authors of South Asian origin who work or study in affluent countries are also charged Indian rupees 2800 for each article. This fee covers the editing and formatting of articles, etc. for HTML presentation, uploading it to the Internet, maintaining it in the Internet and for doing repairs when necessary.
• When we do the formatting, if we find that the paper has grammar, spelling, word choice, capitalization, phrase and sentence coherence and cogency errors, we'll edit it suitably correcting the errors mentioned above and improve the stylistic presentation. Our copy editor/s will go through the article line by line and edit the paper removing the errors. Kindly note that even with this editing and formatting fee, publication of the article is heavily subsidized considering the actual costs of labor and time involved in editing, formatting, uploading, maintaining it in the Internet and doing repairs when necessary. Many journals with less indexing privileges charge Euro 100 (Indian rupees 7000 or more) per paper.
• The maximum length of an article is set at 20 pages in 1.5 line space and this includes all appendices, etc. which form part of the article. Editing and formatting fee varies with the length of the materials submitted for publication. This editing and formatting fee meets only partially the costs of editing formatting, uploading, maintaining the article in the Internet and for doing repairs when necessary. The decision to publish or not publish depends solely on the merit and relevance of the article accepted.
• University-approved dissertations are not normally reviewed as these have already been approved after review by examiners by the universities. However, minor adjustments may be suggested for easy readability.
• Language in India www.languageinindia.com may publish individual scholars' monographs after peer-review. For the publication of monographs as well as for the publication of the Proceedings of the Seminars and Conferences, please contact the Managing Editor/Publisher (languageinindiaUSA@gmail.com). Services offered include editorial help, formatting and academic suggestions. High Quality and relevance of research and appropriate research methodology, total avoidance of plagiarism are some of our major concerns.

Remember that Language in India www.languageinindia.com is interested in publishing articles that bring out the application of concepts and principles to Indian languages and South Asian social sciences and adjacent sciences, including English language teaching and writing in India and other South Asian nations. We also welcome papers on other languages from other nations as well, following the age-old Indian tradition of welcoming knowledge from everywhere and to serve all. If you've used any one particular concept, idea, or theory, etc., please write about your experience in using these concepts, ideas, or theories, etc., and bring out how you, your co-workers, and your students have either benefited or not. Also include how you modified and/or used these concepts in your classrooms, etc. If what I say is difficult to follow, please see some of the recent articles in Language in India www.languageinindia.com that apply concepts to Indian and South Asian contexts, etc. We are not interested in publishing a mere compendium of ideas from various sources. We are interested in publishing articles on all aspects of language structure and use.

Language in India www.languageinindia.com is an inter-disciplinary online monthly journal. So, we also seek to publish materials on all aspects of society and culture, research from adjacent sciences and related issues from around the world.

Kindly note that once the article or dissertation etc. is published in Language in India www.languageinindia.com, copyright rests with Language in India and any publication of the same material in outside source in print or in electronic format can be done only with the permission of Language in India www.languageinindia.com.

No new materials can be added once the article is published. Please ensure that when submitting your work, names of all authors are included. No addition of author/s after formatting of the article is done and sent to the author/s is allowed. Please avoid including Bibliography. Instead, please include only a List of References of all works cited within the text, including Internet sources. We generally follow the style sheets of APA, MLA, Indian Linguistics, IJDL and Language. But you need to restrict yourself to one style within your article. Standardization has become very difficult because Indian universities are still in the process of evolving a common style for their research publications. Readability and easy cross reference for future research should guide our authors in choosing an appropriate style in a consistent manner.

GUIDELINES FOR THE SUBMISSION OF ARTICLES IN MAJOR INDIAN LANGUAGES

Language in India www.languageinindia.com publishes articles in major Indian languages. These articles in Indian languages will be published in the PDF format for easy accessibility.

For further guidelines or clarification, please contact the Managing Editor/Publisher: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D. via e-mail languageinindiaUSA@gmail.com.

Authors of articles using Indian scripts are advised to send their articles also in the PDF format (in addition to the Word copy) to languageinindiaUSA@gmail.com.

Language in India is a monthly online journal devoted not only to the study of the languages spoken in the Indian sub-continent, but also to the study of society (history, sociology, politics, economics, etc.) in general around the world. We wish to present the scholarly research findings on the society and related subjects including study of languages in popular language. Our focus is on language use in mass media, education and administration, speech and hearing, sociolinguistic and political aspects relating to these languages and the society in the Indian subcontinent and elsewhere. We wish to present the linguistic descriptions, interdisciplinary research, and current issues of importance relating to Indian languages. Following the age-old tradition of Indian scholarship, the pages of this journal are open to scholarly articles on any language and society. We believe in co-operation and mutual help to foster amity between all peoples and their languages. This online journal publishes not only articles, but also book-length reports and studies. We want to be a blessing to Indian and other languages, praying for "strength for today and bright hope for tomorrow." We sincerely believe that every language deserves our whole-hearted support for growth and that every one can find its place in a mosaic of unity and understanding, serving each other and singing the glory of God.