LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 18:6 June 2018
ISSN 1930-2940

Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         Lakhan Gusain, Ph.D.
         Jennifer Marie Bayer, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         L. Ramamoorthy, Ph.D.
         C. Subburaman, Ph.D. (Economics)
         N. Nadaraja Pillai, Ph.D.
         Renuga Devi, Ph.D.
         Soibam Rebika Devi, M.Sc., Ph.D.
         Dr. S. Chelliah, Ph.D.
Assistant Managing Editor: Swarna Thirumalai, M.A.

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Phonetic Placement Approach for Individuals with
Repaired Cleft Lip and Palate: A Case Study

Rhea Mariam Korah, M.Sc. SLP

Abstract

Speech sound errors in individuals with repaired cleft lip and palate (RCLP) are classified into obligatory and compensatory errors. Compensatory articulation (CA) include those that result from maladaptive articulatory placements learnt by children during development. Some speech therapy techniques given in western studies to remove CA include phonetic placement techniques, auditory discrimination and the use of visual, verbal and tactile cues. Phonetic placement approach (PPA) is an articulation technique that uses all these methods. There are limited studies in the Indian context pertaining to specific therapy techniques to reduce CA in individuals with RCLP. In the current study, a 4-year-old client with RCLP was given sixteen 45 minutes sessions of speech therapy using PPA over a period of two months. The improvement in articulation and intelligibility were evaluated using the Malayalam Diagnostic Articulation test, a 5-point rating scale and a conversational speech intelligibility assessment, pre and post therapy using PPA. Increased phonemic inventory, intelligibility rating and intelligibility percentage were noted post therapy. The phonemic inventory increased from just a few to more than 25 phonemes. The intelligibility rating and intelligibility percentage improved from 4-5 to 2-3 and from 5% to 25% respectively, indicating PPA being an effective therapy technique to reduce compensatory articulation and improve speech intelligibility. This study adds useful information to the area of articulation therapy for individuals with RCLP in India.

Keywords: Repaired cleft lip and palate, Compensatory articulation, Phonetic placement approach

Traditional and Phonological Models

The two main models for treatment of Speech Sound Disorder include the Traditional model and the Phonological model (Bowen, 2005). Traditional models focus on motoric manipulation of articulators for individual speech sounds (McDonald, 1964; Van Riper, 1972), while the phonological model concentrates on groups of speech sounds at a time (Fey, 1985; Klein, 1985). Though some studies suggest better results with phonological models (Klein, 1996), the traditional phonetic placement approach (PPA) may prove more useful for individuals who have difficulty achieving the correct placement of articulators for different speech sounds (Van Riper, 1978), such as individuals with repaired cleft lip and palate (RCLP) who exhibit compensatory articulatory errors due to incorrect learning (Golding-Kushner, 2001; Peterson-Falzone, Trost-Cardamone, Karnell, & Hardin-Jones, 2016).

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Rhea Mariam Korah, M.Sc. Speech Language Pathology
Silver Lining Speech and Swallowing Clinic
Mundukottackal buildings, Perumpuzha
Ranni 689672
Kerala, India
rheakorah@gmail.com

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