LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 21:1 January 2021
ISSN 1930-2940

Editors:
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         T. Deivasigamani, Ph.D.
         Pammi Pavan Kumar, Ph.D.
         Soibam Rebika Devi, M.Sc., Ph.D.

Managing Editor & Publisher: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.

Celebrate India!
Unity in Diversity!!

HOME PAGE

Click Here for Back Issues of Language in India - From 2001

BOOKS FOR YOU TO READ AND DOWNLOAD FREE!

REFERENCE MATERIALS

BACK ISSUES

  • E-mail your articles and book-length reports in Microsoft Word to languageinindiaUSA@gmail.com.

  • PLEASE READ THE GUIDELINES GIVEN IN HOME PAGE IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE LIST OF CONTENTS.

  • Your articles and book-length reports should be written following the APA, MLA, LSA, or IJDL Stylesheet.

  • The Editorial Board has the right to accept, reject, or suggest modifications to the articles submitted for publication, and to make suitable stylistic adjustments. High quality, academic integrity, ethics and morals are expected from the authors and discussants.

Copyright © 2020
M. S. Thirumalai

Publisher: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.
11249 Oregon Circle
Bloomington, MN 55438
USA
Custom Search

The Eighth Schedule Languages - A Critical Appraisal

Prof. B. Mallikarjun

Introduction

Before independence, India had only two languages-English and the vernacular(s). All Indian languages were put together under one nomenclature -vernacular. After her independence empowerment of Indian languages took place in two stages. First-when they found a place in the Constitution under one nomenclature or the other, they got a status. Second-when the States of the Union were re-organized on linguistic lines. Many of them got a State, on the basis of majority of speakers of a language in the respective state. The Constitution of India identified select languages as Scheduled languages and placed them in the Eighth Schedule. The rest of the languages automatically, officially got identified as non-scheduled languages.

In India, the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution is cited in language related discussions more often than any other language related Articles of the Constitution and discussion on language related decisions. This indicates its importance as well as utility of the schedule.

The Constitution of India adopted on November 26,1949 by the Constituent Assembly listed 14 languages Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Malayalam. Marathi,Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Tamil,Telugu and Urdu in the Eighth Schedule. The Constitution was amended in 1967, to include Sindhi; in 1992 to include Konkani, Manipuri, and Nepali; and to include Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santali in 2003.Thus there are 22 languages in the Eighth Schedule. Since 2003, no additional language is included, though there are demands for inclusion from different languages.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Prof. B. Mallikarjun
Former Director
Centre for Classical Kannada
Central University of Karnataka
Kadaganchi, Aland Road, Kalaburagi District - 585311
Karnataka, India
mallikarjun56@gmail.com
Custom Search
  • Click Here to Go to Creative Writing Section

  • Send your articles
    as an attachment
    to your e-mail to
    languageinindiaUSA@gmail.com.
  • Please ensure that your name, academic degrees, institutional affiliation and institutional address, and your e-mail address are all given in the first page of your article. Also include a declaration that your article or work submitted for publication in LANGUAGE IN INDIA is an original work by you and that you have duly acknowledged the work or works of others you used in writing your articles, etc. Remember that by maintaining academic integrity we not only do the right thing but also help the growth, development and recognition of Indian/South Asian scholarship.