LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 20:10 October 2020
ISSN 1930-2940

Editors:
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         T. Deivasigamani, Ph.D.
         Pammi Pavan Kumar, Ph.D.
         Soibam Rebika Devi, M.Sc., Ph.D.

Managing Editor & Publisher: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.

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Phonological Change of Monosyllabic Words in
Rampuri Urdu

Nazish Malik, Ph.D. Research Scholar
Department of Linguistics
Aligarh Muslim University

Abstract

Generally, a language changes according to its speakers’ speech community and their family and living locality. On the basis of its usages, region and environment, every native speaker differs in the process of language change, vocabulary, style, context, situations, topics, etc. The language change process regularly happens in all the languages of the world. As Aitchison (1991) suggested that, “Language like everything else, gradually transforms itself over the centuries”. The current study is an attempt to analyse the phonological changes in Urdu as spoken in Rampur. Mostly the speakers of Rampuri Urdu break the consonant clusters using monosyllabic words. For instance, they use the words /x?r?c/, and /d?r?d/ in place of /x?rc/ ‘expenditure’ and /d?rd/ ‘pain’ and change the CVCC structure into the CVCVC structure. This study is purely based on the spoken data collected from native speakers of Urdu in the Rampur district of Uttar Pradesh.

Keywords: Rampuri Urdu, Phonology, language change, monosyllabic structure, consonant clusters.

1. Introduction

Language change is a phenomenon that is widely found in almost all languages of the world because languages are dynamic in nature. Fromkin (2003) defined language change as, “it is a natural linguistic phenomenon that all languages change over time”. Generally, language changes in all their aspects, and hence it can be analysed at all linguistics levels such as phonology, morphology, syntactic, and semantic. Further, Edward Sapir (1949) stated that, “nothing is perfectly static. Every word, every grammatical element, every locution, every sound, and the accent is a slowly changing configuration, molded by the invisible and impersonal drift that is the life of language”. (p. 171). Language is usually changed due to the way it is used and acquired by individuals or groups of people in society. This is the result of socio-political contacts, such as language policy, language planning, transportation, immigration, etc. Remarkably, the need for technological progress and the Internet play a most crucial role in language change. As a result, new terminology to meet the needs of time and new technological discoveries such as transportation, household appliances, industrial equipment, sports, recreation, and healthcare are included in the glossary and thesauri. Languages also change in various situations, such as language learning, language interaction, social differentiation, nature, and attitudes. There are several works that have been concerned with language change such as Aitchison (1991), McMahon (1994), Bauer (1994), Bynon (1977), Millroy (1992), Trask (1996), Campbell (1998), and Fennell (2001). Consequently, it is a universally accepted phenomenon that all languages undergo change. It is also a well-established fact that the speed and degree of change can vary from one language to another and from one variety or dialect to another of the same language.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Nazish Malik
Research Scholar
Department of Linguistics
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002
U.P. India
nazish8c@gmail.com
+91-9454626637
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