LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 22:12 December 2022
ISSN 1930-2940

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         Pammi Pavan Kumar, Ph.D.
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Verb: A Cognitive Facilitator
A Case of Marathi Colloquial Conversations

Dr Jayashree Aanand Gajjam

Abstract

Language comprehension has been a fascinating area of research for grammarians, linguists, philosophers and computer scientists alike. In Marathi grammatical tradition, a sentence is viewed from the verb-centric position in several treatises. Moreover, the complete discussion is put in a theoretical framework. The current report, the extension of earlier research on the Marathi language, adopts an experimental outlook to examine the communicative aspect of the sentence in colloquial (non-standard variety) Marathi written conversations. Based on the subjective reports of 95 native and non-native readers obtained from four experiments it is argued that a single-verb in a conversation is comprehensible hence can be regarded as a complete sentence itself. The contrastive analysis suggests that complete sentences are easier to process than single-verb sentences, which in turn, are more accurately comprehended than nominal sentences. Resorting on textual and sociolinguistic variables, the report also probes into the underlying nuances of language comprehension.

Keywords: Marathi, nominal sentence, sentence comprehension, experimental research, single-verb sentences

Introduction

1. Background of the study:
1.1. What is this research about?

This research on the study of the comprehension of Marathi colloquial conversational data is an extension of our earlier research on Marathi literary or formal (non-colloquial) data which in turn is an extension of the critical investigation of Sanskrit conversations and of a massive experiment on English news items. Thereby, the current research can be considered as one of the many pieces in a long string of studies encompassing the cognitive and sociolinguistic aspects of human sentence-comprehension and also as a starting point for the following future researches in the same field.

Human-like language comprehension has been a captivating area of research for grammarians, linguists, logicians, philosophers, computer scientists and neurocognitive scientists. An enormous amount of literature can be found on the concepts such as a word, sentence, their interrelations with word-meanings and sentence-meanings, the types of sentence meanings, the auxiliary means that aid the sentence processing and speakers’ intention, several ways used by the listener to disambiguate the complex words in the context, etc. in ancient Indian literature. The grammatical literature in Marathi also studies the concept of word and sentence in great detail, from both syntactic and semantic aspects. It is observed that the theoretical discussion has been the common underpinning of this discourse.

With the advancements in the mechanical and statistical fields, the scientific and methodical study of exploring the process of human sentence comprehension has become possible. The development of the psycholinguistic field has enabled us to carry out a more sophisticated and explorative study of the same issues by conducting experiments to study the nuances in the comprehension process.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Dr Jayashree Aanand Gajjam, Assistant Professor
Centre of Excellence for Indian Knowledge System
IIT Kharagpur
jayashree1aanand@gmail.com
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