LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 24:4 April 2024
ISSN 1930-2940

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A Study on Academic Challenges of Tulu Mother Tongue Students of Kasaragod District, Kerala

Anilkumar M., Ph.D. Scholar and Dr. Lavi Saxena, Ph.D.

Abstract

In Kerala, Malayalam is the mother tongue of most people. However, the dialects spoken by the primitive tribal communities in Kerala are numerous. Each tribal community has its language and literature. Different mother tongues are there in a school when different sections of children come to school. According to modern linguistic theory, this problem needs an essential solution. With the formation of the linguistic states, in the Malayalam speaking territory bordering other states (Tamil Nadu and Karnataka), the languages of these states is continued to be used. There are educational institutions for students belonging to the linguistic minority communities. These schools protect the right to learn and learn through minority languages.

The situation in the Kasaragod district is a bit more complicated. There are officially Malayalam and Kannada medium schools in the district. But in Kasaragod, which is known as “saptha bhasha sangama bhoomi” -nationally recognized languages such as Tulu, Konkani, Marathi, Hindustani, and Byari, Havyaka, Arakannada, and other dialects are also used for communication. Tulu is a part of the unique culture of Kasaragod and the most spoken language after Malayalam. But there are currently no facilities available for children to learn in their mother tongue. They fail to make achievements in academics; they are not able to mingle with Malayalam or Kannada mother-tongue students, feel shy and less social with other children. There is gap between school and family culture, and there is lack of school resources in Tulu language. Lack of empowered teachers significantly block their learning. The prevailing situation is the denial of children's right to learn in their mother tongue. They have adjustment problems with others in the school, they feel depressed, feel shy, feel alienated, disappointed, depressed, etc. To overcome these situations the teacher can help them to do education activities, listen to music, talk with friends, etc.

The different discourse languages of them can’t be utilised to pursue education and this pushes them into feelings of alienation and consequent dropouts. Further it results in learning backwardness too, as reflected in behavioural issues associated with altering into truants, withdrawal from classroom activities, absence of response to the questions and the directions of teachers, poor performance in examinations and process of evaluation, etc. So, helping them to follow learning in their respective mother tongue is essentially the responsibility of our educational system. The oral culture and literature of such linguistic minorities appear to be splendid, particularly that of the Tulu language.

Keywords: Kasargod district, school education, medium, minority languages.

1. Introduction

The students of the Tulu belt such as Manjeswaram, Kumbala and Kasaragod sub-districts often struggle to match the progress of the other sub-districts in maintaining the equilibrium of academic performance and achievements. The result percentage of L.S.S., U.S.S, and S.S.L.C. in the aforesaid sub-districts is found to be very low in terms of State average. No official system is available at present in these areas to have academic communication in Tulu language itself. Hence it becomes highly necessary to have the Tulu language and culture fostered within the classroom atmosphere. This necessitates the presence of teachers at the schools who are proficient in Tulu communication. It can be materialized through relevant enrichment programs for the existing teachers.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Anilkumar M.
Ph.D. Scholar, Education
maniyaraanil@gmail.com

Dr. Lavi Saxena, Ph.D., Supervisor
Department of Education
University of Technology, Jaipur
Vatika, Jaipur – 303905
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