LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 23:7 July 2023
ISSN 1930-2940

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Epidemiological Study of Aphasia, Dysarthria, Dysphagia Sequel to Stroke in Coastal Regions of Karnataka

Nandisha Dhanush, Ameena Shahanas PT, Joshan Kuriakose,
Devika Ajith, Sivani Noushad, and Hebsiba Thomas

Abstract

The present retrospective study was aimed at documenting the prevalence rates of various communication disorders and swallowing disorders as a resultant of stroke and other neuropathological conditions in a tertiary super speciality neuro Hospital. Stroke is one of the major causes of neurological communication disorder in adults. The growth of neurological communication disorder in coastal regions of Karnataka due to stroke in a period of six months from first of January to July 2018.

Prevalence of Dysphagia, Aphasia and Dysarthria sequel to stroke and other neuro-pathologies in a total of 177 individuals was documented in the mentioned period. Radiological investigations served as basis for the inclusion of participants. It was found that the prevalence of dysarthria (36.15%) constituted the major neurogenic communication disorder among the stroke survivors.

The age range of 60-70years older were at the higher risk of neuro-communicative disorder compared among 20 to 90 years of age. It was highly prevalent in males than females, with the rate of 59% in males and 41% females. Medical diagnosis based on various sites of lesion and neurological causes such as Left and Right Middle Cerebral Arteries, Subcortical lesions, Degenerative conditions, Cerebellar Infarct, Thalamic Bleed and LMN lesions were taken into consideration. It was noted that higher rates of prevalence of neurological disorders due to stroke were cerebellar infarct (18.07%) followed by right MCA infarct (17.5%).

This study calls for urgent strategies to establish patient registry and outreach neurological services for individuals with stroke to address various communication, cognitive and swallowing deficits. An organised effort from both the government and the private sector is needed to tackle these associated deficits of stroke in the coastal regions of Karnataka.

Keywords: Incidence, Prevalence, Neurogenic Communication Disorders, Aphasia, Dysarthria.

Introduction

Stroke is a leading cause of neurogenic disorders. The key risk factors leading to the stroke and the demographic changes in the country are becoming an important cause of premature death and disability in low-income and middle-income countries like India.

Communication and swallowing problems are common as a result of neurological conditions like stroke, traumatic brain injury, neoplasms of the nervous systems, viral encephalitis, diseases affecting neuromuscular junction and neuro degenerative conditions. The most frequently encountered problems are dysarthria, aphasia, dysphagia and apraxia of speech.

Speech language pathologist plays an important role as a member of the rehabilitation team in a neurological setup with respect to identifying these problems and initiating intervention at the earliest. Hence, it is necessary for speech language pathologists to be well versed with the features each disorder may present in terms of communication and swallowing.

In a study by Mansi J, et al., 2014, it was reported that the most frequently occurring disorder was dysarthria (60%), followed by dysphagia (55%) and aphasia (18%). Study also revealed that the dysarthria and dysphagia co-existed in around 45% patients with neurological diseases.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Nandisha Dhanush, Hebsiba Thomas, Ameena Shahanas PT,
Joshan Kuriakose, Devika Ajith and Sivani Noushad
Dr.M.V.Shetty College of Speech and Hearing
Maladi Court, Kavuru, Mangaluru-15
E -mail: nandishaganiga3@gmail.com
Ph: 8494816182
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