LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 24:7 July 2024
ISSN 1930-2940

Editors:
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         T. Deivasigamani, Ph.D.
         Pammi Pavan Kumar, Ph.D.
         Soibam Rebika Devi, M.Sc., Ph.D.

Managing Editor & Publisher: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.

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A Brief Cultural Study of Some Important Perso-Arabic Seals of Adil Shahi (1489-1686 AD)

Dr. Muntazir Ali, Ph.D.

Abstract

Bijapur, now a district headquarters in Karnataka, was formerly the seat of the Adil Shahi kingdom of the Deccan which ruled the region for nearly two centuries (1489-1686 AD). The founder of the Adilshahi dynasty, Sultan Yusuf Adil Shah made Bijapur, or Vijyapur the capital of the Bijapur kingdom. The rulers of the Adilshahi dynasty ordered their engravers to engrave the seals in their names. We find many seals of this dynasty representing different rulers, princes, princesses, or officials. The seals of the Adil Shahi dynasty are very peculiar in many facets. Some important seals of the same period will be studied in this small article.

Keywords: Seals, Adil Shahi, Deccan, Ali Adil Shah, Muhammad Adil Shah, Ibrahim Adil Shah.

The seals of the Indus Valley are the oldest in India. Unfortunately, these are not read so far. But these seals help us to date the tradition of sealing at least 4500 years ago in India.

The seals are the chief material to authenticate and are even more important than signatures. The seals are associated with persons, officials, or institutions; hence the owner of the seal always attempts to keep his seal worthy, special, different, and unique. That is why, we notice many variations and specifications in the seals of different people.

Physically, the seals should be either embossed or engraved. The seals cannot be in painted or relief forms because it is impossible to stamp them. For making an engraved seal, the seal engraver cuts the letters inscribed over the surface of a seal while in the embossed seal, he cuts the surface of the metal and leaves the letters as they are. Since, in both situations, the engraver used to engrave and cut the surface, therefore, the art of seal making is called Muhorkani and the seal cutters are known as Muharkan. The profession was praiseworthy during the medieval period.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Dr. Muntazir Ali, Ph.D.
Epigraphy Branch (Arabic and Persian) Inscriptions
Archaeological Survey of India
Nagpur-440006
Phone: +918285436870
Ali110.asi@gmail.com
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