LANGUAGE IN INDIA

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Volume 24:3 March 2024
ISSN 1930-2940

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A Preliminary Analysis of Generative Lexicon of Gaddi Language

Bailochan Naik, Ph.D. Research Scholar

Abstract

The present paper tries to understand the generative lexicon on Gaddi language through studying and explaining the relevant literature available in the domain. Considering the interdependency of the approach, the paper has taken a specific domain of linguistics and has tried to understand the relevance of the approach, specifically the theory in generative lexicon. I have followed the model “qualia structure” of generative lexicon to understand how the four levels of the structure contribute in the meaning formation. This paper presents some examples from Gaddi language, which facilitate our understanding of the theory.

Keywords: Gaddi language, Generative Lexicon, Qualia Structure, Constitutive, Formal, Telic, Agentive

A Brief Introduction to the Language

Gaddi is one of the scheduled languages of Indian constitution among the 234 mother tongues. It is a considerable spoken language of Himachal Pradesh (Palampur, Bharmaur, Mandi, Kangra, and Bilaspur districts), (approximately 135, 838 speakers). It is also spoken in other parts of Indian states like Uttarakhand (approx. 12700 speakers), Delhi, etc. It has got various alternative names, like Bharmauri Bhadi, Pahadi Bharmauri, and Panchi Bharmauri Rajput, Gadiali, etc. The majority of the Gaddi speakers include several castes of the Gaddi Tribal Society, are, namely, Khatri, Brahmin, Dhangar, Rajput, Thakur and Rana. The Ethnologue states the language possesses 100,000 speakers. The World Oral Literature and the UNESCO reveal 120,000 and 3976 speakers respectively.

However, the language has been recognized as a variety of Hindi. It is the mother tongue of the Gaddi people and the medium of instruction in the schools of Palampur area along with Hindi and Pahadi. Since they have not possessed script of their own, so, they use Devnagri as their script presently, albeit used Takri before. Gaddi language is a borrowed one, in the sense that it is mostly influenced by Indo-Aryan languages, like Hindi, Punjabi, Pahadi, etc. because of which one of the interesting sociolinguistics phenomena exists, is that, the majority of the Gaddi people are bilingual or multilingual, who have a fluency in Gaddi, Hindi, Kangri and Pahadi, that’s why code mixing and code switching are the common scenario taken place among the younger generation of the Gaddi people, so the very language acts as a bridge between the younger and the older generation for communication.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Bailochan Naik
Ph.D. Research Scholar
Centre for Linguistics, JNU, New Delhi
Lecturer-in English, Kesinga Mahavidyalaya, Kesinga, Kalahandi, Odisha
Email Id: nbailochan1990@gmail.com
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