LANGUAGE IN INDIA

Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow

Volume 25:3 March 2025
ISSN 1930-2940

Editors:
         Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D.
         B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D.
         A. R. Fatihi, Ph.D.
         G. Baskaran, Ph.D.
         T. Deivasigamani, Ph.D.
         Pammi Pavan Kumar, Ph.D.
         Soibam Rebika Devi, M.Sc., Ph.D.

Managing Editor & Publisher: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D.

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Laryngeal and Supralaryngeal Manifestations of the Speech of Stutterers - A Spectrographic Study

Dr Swapna Sebastian, Dr Venkataraja U Aithal and
Dr N P Nataraja

Abstract

Stuttering is a communication disorder affecting the fluency of speech. The cause of stuttering has been debated for many years and has been attributed to psychological, neurophysiological (spasticity), genetics, and environmental factors. The effect of stuttering is multifaceted. There can be incoordination /spasm /tension in the muscles of the subsystems of speech production like respiratory, laryngeal, and articulatory, often accompanied by anxiety, which can vary from patient to patient.

The aim of the study was to check whether these are reflected in the spectrographic analysis of the speech of the stutterers.

MethodologyThis observational study consisted of 10 severe stutterers between the age range of 15 to 25 years and 10 normal subjects matched for age and sex.

The following acoustic parameters were extracted from the spectrogram.

1. Formant frequencies - F1, F2, and F3
2. Transition duration: (Fl, F2)
3. Voice onset time

Results

The results of our study revealed that stutterers differed significantly from nonstutterers in terms of the spectrographic parameters of transition duration and Voice onset time. There was no significant difference between stutterers and normal subjects for Formant frequency (Fl, F2, and F3).

Conclusion

The results showing no significant difference in formant frequencies but a significant difference in formant transition between stutterers and nonstutterers suggests that the stutterers have normal vocal tract, but abnormal vocal tract adjustments occur during formant transitions from one speech sound to the next.

Keywords: Stuttering, spectrogram, laryngeal and supralaryngeal mechanism

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Dr Swapna Sebastian
Professor (Audiology and Speech Pathology)
Department of Otorhinolaryngology
Christian Medical College & Hospital,Vellore Tamilnadu, India-632004. swapna_santhosh@yahoo.co.in

Dr Venkataraja U Aithal
Professor at Manipal College of Health Professions
Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India vrajaithal@manipal.edu

Dr N P Nataraja
Professor (Retired)
Department of Speech Science
All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore, Karnataka
npnataraja@gmail.com
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