LANGUAGE IN INDIA

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Volume 23:10 October 2023
ISSN 1930-2940

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A Preliminary Analysis of Causative Construction in Koshli Language

Brahmananda Padra, M.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. (JNU) and
Bailochan Naik, Ph.D. Research Scholar

Abstract

This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the causative phenomenon in Koshli. The paper investigates the causative construction on the basis of its form and the function. Moreover, it presents the classification of causative construction on the basis of linguistic analysis. In other words, in this paper we present the morphology, syntax and the semantics of the causative verbs in the language.

Keywords: Koshli Language, Causative, Morphological, Syntactic, Semantic, Periphrastic, Lexical.

A Succinct Idea on Koshli

Koshli is an exhaustively spoken Indo-Aryan language of Western Odisha. Narang’s (1937) states that, the name of the language sources from the name of the region Koshal. Grierson (2005) has observed that the grammatical similarities among the languages spoken in the region from Raighar in the North to Kalahandi in the South and Raipur in the West to Burma in the East (Sundargarh, Jharsuguda, Sambalpur, Deogarh, Athmallick sub-division of Angul district, Bargarh, Subarnapur (Sonepur), Nuapada,Bolangir, Boud and Kalahandi). The language also is spoken by the people of South Western district of Madhya Pradesh (present Chhattishgarh) and Bihar (present Jharkhand).

Koshli syntactically is an SOV, head-final and typologically agglutinating language. However, Koshli and Odia have some similarities with respect to their lexical items and a part of their phoneme inventories, these can be attributed to the general similarities between languages are in close contact and come under the umbrella of South Asian languages. However, the dissimilarities between Koshli and Odia are far more significant. They differ in terms of most of their lexicons, and syntax. As shown in Naik’s (2018) for example, Odia and Koshli negation behave differently when the clause in question is scrambled. Moreover, Odia is a vowel final language whereas Koshli is a consonant final language. Naik (2018) in his M.Phil Dissertation “A Digital Lexicon of Complex Predicates in Koshli” has given a transparent comparison with wonderful summary of a few differences between Odia and Koshli. Many scholars including Tripathy (undated), Das (1990), Kushal (2015), Padra (2015), Naik (2018), strongly note that Koshli is not a dialect, rather a rich and independent language, having different varieties like Sundargadia, Kalahandia, Balangaria, and Bargadia and Sambalpurai. However, language variation is inevitable and Koshli is no exception. Koshli is spoken in the ten districts and Athmallick sub-division of Angul district of Western Odisha; its varieties are spread out over these districts. Here is a list of districts given below for a clear and comprehensive understanding.

This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.

Brahmananda Padra, M.A., M.Phil., Ph.D. (JNU)
Assistant Professor, Department of English. Gangadhar Meher University
Sambalpur, Odisha-768004
brahmanandajnu@gmail.com
Mobile No-9315408815

Bailochan Naik, Ph.D. Research Scholar
Centre for Linguistics
Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi
nbailochan1990@gmail.com
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